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1. Format
“Problem-based learn” is the process that takes the problem as the basic factor to link the related content of the course and makes students actively participate in study. The main teaching format is group discussion and the guidance of instructor, emphasizing to solve problems instead of simply acquiring knowledge.
Based on the “gene mutation” section in animal genetics, the instructor should set the discussed problem to students in advance so that they can look up the materials for the problems; prepare them in advance; and efficiently communicate and discuss with classmates and instructor during study. Finally, the instructor gives the suggestions and comments for the workshop. The purpose of this workshop is to strengthen students’ understanding of the gene mutation; develop their critical thinking and exploration abilities. Furthermore, this format will build an excellent atmosphere for students actively thinking and enhance their abilities to analyze, extract, and solve the problems.
2. Oriented-questions (Students prepare in advance)
2.1 Understanding the sickle cell disease (students read the related materials in advance, then discuss with the instructor in class)
(1). The cause of this disease
(2). Symptom
2.2 List mutations that are found in the things that they see daily; discuss the cause of mutation. Students were divided into four groups. Each group should prepare and discuss some example in class.
Group 1: Spontaneous mutation: Colorblindness; Feather color; Transposable elements etc.
Group 2: Physical agent: Xeroderma pigmentosa
Group 3: Chemical agent: Pickles (salted vegetables)
Group 4: Biological factor: Human Papillomavirus (HPV); Helicobacter pylori
2.3 The characteristic of gene mutation (based on above examples, students and instructor make a summary)
3. Ground rules for class discussions and workshops
(1) Be on time
(2) Try to use English as much as possible
(3) Speak so that everyone from front to back can hear you
(4) Listen when others are speaking (I may ask other students to translate the previous student’s English answer)
(5) If it’s review for, use your intellect to hear it in a new way
(6) Write down your answers or consolidate to print
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